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XXXUA* `(CG TimesScalableU@..attorneys&counselors L  X8"UA* `(CG TimesScalableUQ..4FrankN.Ikard,Jr.*@..l823CongressAvenueQ8"..H Correspondence:Q..AlvinJ.Golden*@..Suite910Q8"..& P.O.Box684367Q..ZGlennM.Karisch*@..zAustin,Texas78701Q8"..Austin,Texas787684367Q..JerryFrankJones(OfCounsel)*@..T512/4726695Q8".. Fax512/4723669Q..^^^UA* `(CG TimesScalableU*BoardCertifiedQ..EstatePlanning&ProbateLaw@..email:karisch@io.comUA* `(CG TimesScalableUQ8"..WritersDirectLineQ..8^^^_BG  Z 2CG Times (WN) Regular_TexasBoardofLegalSpecialization@..http://www.io.com/user/karisch/ikard&golden.html_BG  Z 2CG Times (WN) Regular_Q8".. 512/4724542       8.` hp x (#%8  XXX]@H` AZ0Univers (WN) Regular]@..,"US ,  C !  H` AZ0Univers (WN) Regular* `(CG TimesScalableG  Z 2CG Times (WN) Regular2 0Quick 0..|5:5 (Arabic #)Auto  #, CEOP, Mark TOC Level 5    23  Ԁ  5:4 LowerAlphaAuto  #, CEOP, Undl, Mark TOC Level 4    23  Ԁ  563 Arabic #Auto  #, CEOP, Undl, Mark TOC Level 3    23  Ԁ  5:2 UpperAlphaAuto  #, CEOP, Bold, Mark TOC Level 2    23  Ԁ  l10ColumnsNewspaper Columns, .25 Gutter    ,($    @) p`CG Timesmailto:[probate@io.com]  O'   _& ~%XX & ~%%& ~-XP X-u[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AXhu UsingtheInternetinanEstatePlanningPractice!!!(#BB@    3  A  Ԉ X ?\P' dE/x? ('2$ T!     R(   _& ~%XX & ~%%& ~-XP X-u[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AXhu BB@    3  A  (#22stAnnualEstatePlanningandProbateLawCourse X ?\P' dE/x? ('2$ T!    ;cgo{Legal1 1.1 1.1.1 etc.11.11.1.11.1.1.11.1.1.1.11.1.1.1.1.11.1.1.1.1.1.11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1($      T!   _-,XFX-x[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?A,XKxӀ  1  & ~%XX  ؒ%& ~Thisdoesnotkeeppeoplefromwriting(or, X presumably,buying)bookafterbookontheInternet.X0Xؒ < T!   _-,XFX-x[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?A,XKxӀ  2    ؒXXThisisoneofthosestatementswhichmay X quicklybecomeobsolete.Theauthoranticipatesthat_fulltime_ԀInternetconnectionsformostlargeandsmalllawfirmsmaybejustayearortwoaway.X0Xؒ  T!   _o[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AXoӀ  3    ؒXXTwoincompatibleformats(x2and_Kflex_) X developedfor56Kmodems.InFebruary,1998,anindustrywidestandardcalledv.90wasadopted.Most56Kmodemsonsalenowsupportthev.90standardandoneofthetwoincompatibleformats.Mostx2and_Kflex_Ԁmodemsmanufacturedbeforethev.90standardwasadoptedcanbeupdatedtothenewstandard.Contactthemodemsmanufacturerfordetails.Likethemodemsthemselves,most_ISPs_Ԁsupportonlyoneofthetwoincompatibleformerstandardsandmany_ISPs_havenotyetadoptedthev.90standard.X0Xؒ dTable_A dZ Zdmailto:username@domain.com.Table_B<2 9Z+.Courier New Regularmailto:sally@aol.commailto:john@io.comTable_Cmailto:john@io.commailto:sally@aol.comTable_Dmailto:john@io.commailto:sally@aol.comwww.microsoft.com,http://www.nhdd.com/emarta.htm;http://legal.law.stetson.edu/courses/tkeller.htm;http://www.computerbar.org/netethics/bjones.htm.http://www.texasprobate.com/other/9751003.htm t !  #,XF#e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ    ..c(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularcAhealthnote:YouknowyouareintoodeepwhenyounotonlyworkonChristmasEve,butyoualsocheckyouremailmailinglistmessageonChristmasEve.XXXc(9 Z6Times New Roman Regularc  !  #,XF#e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ    c(9 Z6Times New Roman Regularc..ThestoragespacemustbelocatedontheISPsserversothatitisaccessibletoInternetusersevenwhentheownerofthepage(theISPscustomer)isnotloggedon.XXXc(9 Z6Times New Roman Regularc  !  #,XF#e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?AeӀ    ..c(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularcSavingaWordPerfectfileasanHTMLdocumentcausesthelossofsomeoftheformattingcodes,butthismethodworksfinewithsimpleformattingcodes,suchasboldfacedtype,italics,etc.XXXc(9 Z6Times New Roman Regularchttp://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/General/Internet/WWW/HTMLPrimerAll.htmlhttp://www.brandtlaw.com/lydia/internet_sites.html(www.actec.org)http://www.obeliskcom.com/archttp://www.obeliskcom.com/marketlawyers/01.htmlhttp://www.obeliskcom.com/marketlawyers/02.html(www.premack.com)(www.texasprobate.com),(www.yahoo.com)(www.altavista.com)Table_E(www.texasprobate.com,www.texasprobate.com)http://www.westlaw.comhttp://www.lexis.com  )   #,XF#e[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Aec(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularcKey:Type:E=EmailMailingList;N=NationalSite;T=TexasSite.Ratings:HHHH"Definitelyworthlinkingto;HHH"Agoodsite,worthlookingat;HH"Ausefulsite,withsomelimitations;H"Hassomethingtooffer.XXXc(9 Z6Times New Roman Regularc('2$ T!   Table_Fwww.texasprobate.com/main/list.htmmailto:(probate@io.com),http://206.241.12.9/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=aba-ptl&A=1http://www.lawcrawler.com/http://thomas.loc.gov/http://supct.law.cornell.edu/supcthttp://www.findlaw.comhttp://www.ca-probate.com/http://www.westlaw.comhttp://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/cfr-table-search.htmlhttp://www.cusipquery.comhttp://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/Lobby/5011/http://www.unclefed.com/Tax-Bulls/1998/98revprocslist.htmlwww.actec.orghttp://members.aol.com/dmk58/eplinks.htmlhttp://www.ca-probate.com/wills.htmhttp://www.irs.ustreas.gov/http://www.concentric.net/~Banister/http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/26/index.htmlhttp://www.naela.com/http://law.house.gov/usc.htmhttp://www.ljextra.com/practice/trusts/index.htmlhttp://estateplanning.com/http://www.katsden.com/death/index.htmlhttp://www.lawresearch.com/http://members.aol.com/CRTrust/CRT.htmlhttp://207.49.1.8/rppt/home.htmlwww.texasprobate.comhttp://www.brandtlaw.com/lydia/internet_sites.htmlhttp://www.capitol.state.tx.ushttp://www.obeliskcom.com/marketlawyers/01.htmlhttp://home.earthlink.net/~laanderson/aalegal.htmhttp://www.dallascourts.com/probate/probate.htmhttp://www.obeliskcom.com/archttp://www.premack.com/http://www.obeliskcom.com/marketlawyers/02.htmlwww.reptl.orghttp://www.willyancey.com/http://www.txethics.org/frames98.htmhttp://www.sbot.org/pipe/tx_refer.htmlhttp://www.joegrivera-countyclerk.com/http://www.texasbarcle.com/www.state.tx.ushttp://www.texprobate.com/http://www.co.denton.tx.us/dept/pbc.htmhttp://www.minordavis.com/exeins.htmwww.courts.state.tx.ushttp://www2.co.harris.tx.us/cclerk/filefee/probate.htmwww.sos.state.tx.ushttp://www.supreme.courts.state.tx.us/scopn.htmlwww.texlaw.comhttp://www.courts.state.tx.us/sll/(http://www.obeliskcom.com/arc/).,  AZ"Arial Regular1 d'dxd Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5('2$ T!   ($     ('2$ T!   C<< c o "  G=` hp x (#%'0*,.81Ge[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?Aec(9 Z6Times New Roman Regularc   O,  AZ"Arial RegularO ForCommitteeUseOnly       ..FeeEnclosed..Letter..PrintAd..Script..Video/CassetteCaseNo.....c (6 Z 6Times New Roman RegularcO,  AZ"Arial RegularODateRecd.....c (6 Z 6Times New Roman RegularcO,  AZ"Arial RegularODateRecd.IfResub.....Table_GTable_H(9!2$ T!   Ӏ  0  3|x ( T$  HP LaserJet 4M Plus,,,,,,03#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)  T!   _-,XFX-x[X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:<H?A,XKxӀ  3    ؒXXTwoincompatibleformats(x2and_Kflex_) X developedfor56Kmodems.InFebruary,1998,anindustrywidestandardcalledv.90wasadopted.Most56Kmodemsonsalenowsupportthev.90standardandoneofthetwoincompatibleformats.Mostx2and_Kflex_Ԁmodemsmanufacturedbeforethev.90standardwasadoptedcanbeupdatedtothenewstandard.Contactthemodemsmanufacturerfordetails.Likethemodemsthemselves,most_ISPs_Ԁsupportonlyoneofthetwoincompatibleformerstandardsandmany_ISPs_havenotyetadoptedthev.90standard.X0Xؒ(9 Z6Times New Roman Regular7$E$..U T!   _  C $3C  TRX3'X3' Letter3' Letter3'T& ~%XX & ~%%& ~XX  -XP X-    #dddd      % K  X  $6 & ~USINGTHEINTERNETINAN < ESTATEPLANNINGPRACTICE & ~% $ d GLENNM.KARISCH ] 6 & ~Barnes&Karisch,P.C. x  2901BeeCavesRoad,SuiteDAustin,Texas78746(512)3288355/FAX(512)3288413email:_karisch_@texasprobate.comwww.texasprobate.com & ~%  ] x   ,K ,6 & ~Copyright1998ByGlennM.Karisch,AllRightsReserved & ~%  ,K  \ 22ndANNUAL x( & ESTATEPLANNINGANDPROBATELAWCOURSEJune35,1998BB  h-+#    t/-%   L&_%% & ~L-%L&_ L-@"GlennM.Karisch , @*@WWBarnes&Karisch,P.C.@xx2901BeeCavesRoad,SuiteD@ Austin,Texas78746@AA(512)3288355Fax:(512)3288413@_karisch_@texasprobate.com H @rr www.texasprobate.comEducation TheUniversityofTexasSchoolofLaw,Austin,Texas 0  0  _Juris_ԀDoctorwithHonors,1980 (#(# TheUniversityofTexasatAustin,0  BachelorofJournalismwithHighestHonors,1977 (#(# ProfessionalExperience F  Barnes&Karisch,P.C.,Austin,Texas,1998Ikard&Golden,P.C.,Austin,Texas,19928Hoffman&Stephens,P.C.,Austin,Texas,19912TheTexasMethodistFoundation,Austin,Texas,VicePresidentandGeneralCounsel,19891991Coats,Yale,_Holm_Ԁ&Lee,Houston,Texas,19801989 ProfessionalActivities ,"  BoardCertified,EstatePlanningandProbateLaw,TexasBoardofLegalSpecializationFellow,AmericanCollegeofTrustandEstateCounselChair,EstatePlanningandProbateSection,TravisCountyBarAssociation,199697  >"( LegalArticlesandPapers  #x!* AuthorandEditor,TexasProbateWebSite[www.texasprobate.com]andemailmailinglist[4M J  5  probate@io.com]6 J   7 /  b% #, (199598). & ~%  ,&#-  SleepingWiththeEnemy:HowtoSleepAtNightWhileMakingaLivingWithanEstatePlanningPractice % & ~,TravisCountyBarAssociationEstatePlanningandProbateSeminar(1998). (>&0  AretheWindsofChangeBlowingforTexasProbateCourts?,Or...5B,orNot5B,ThatIstheQuestion,DocketCallinProbateCourtSeminar,SanAntonio(1998)."EstatePlanningtoProtecttheSurvivingSpouse,"StateBarofTexasAdvancedEstatePlanningandProbateLawCourse(1997)."CourtCreatedTrustsinTexas,"StateBarofTexasAdvancedDrafting:EstatePlanningandProbateLawCourse(1995),updatedtoreflect1997legislativechanges(1998). & ~%   /^-9 NQ @.." TableofContents        0 p  I.INTRODUCTION #""J(#.> > p(#p(##1 G@ 0 p  II.INTERNETBASICSFORTHENOVICE #""J(#.-p(#p(##1  0 p 0 p(#p(# p A. ConnectingtotheInternet#""J(#.``/ (# (##1   0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (# 1.PersonalModemConnection#""J(#.""2@ (#@ (##1   0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (# 2. @ ISDN#""J(#. @ (#@ (##2 _ X  0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (# 3. @ T1#""J(#.  @ (#@ (##3 / (  0 p 0 p(#p(# p B. BasicInternetFeatures#""J(#.||, (# (##3    0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (# 1. @ Email#""J(#. @ (#@ (##3   0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (# 2. @ WebBrowsing#""J(#.$@ (#@ (##4   0 p  III.USINGTHEINTERNETTOCOMMUNICATEWITHOTHERS #""J(#.xx=p(#p(##4 ?8  0 p  IV.USINGTHEINTERNETTOMARKETYOURPRACTICE #""J(#.9p(#p(##6   0 p 0 p(#p(# p A. WebPageBasics#""J(#.$ (# (##6  0 p 0 p(#p(# p B. AdvancedWebPageTechniques#""J(#.^^1 (# (##7  0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (# 1. @ Graphics#""J(#. @ (#@ (##7 WP 0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (# 2. @ MakingTextFilesEasytoDownload#""J(#.:@ (#@ (##7 '  0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (# 3. @ Forms#""J(#.  @ (#@ (##7  0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (# 4. @ WebSiteSearchEngine#""J(#.DD.@ (#@ (##7  0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (# 5. @ Extranet#""J(#. @ (#@ (##7  0 p 0 p(#p(# p C. WebSite"EthicalConsiderations#""J(#.$$6 (# (##8 g` 0 p 0 p(#p(# p D. MarketingStrategies#""J(#.) (# (##8 70 0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (# 1. @ WhoIstheTargetAudience?#""J(#.3@ (#@ (##8  0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (# 2. @ WhyShouldaMemberoftheTargetAudienceVisittheSite?#""J(#.R@ (#@ (##9  0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (# 3. @ IfYouBuildIt,WillTheyCome?#""J(#.8@ (#@ (##9  0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (#0 @ (#@ (# @ a. CommercialServices#""J(#.. (# (##9 wp 0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (#0 @ (#@ (# @ b. FreeWebIndexesandSearchEngines#p"p"I(#.> (# (##10 G@ 0 p 0 p(#p(#0@ (# (#0 @ (#@ (# @ c. NonInternetRelatedMarketing#p"p"I(#.9 (# (##11   0 p  V.USINGTHEINTERNETFORLEGALRESEARCH #p"p"I(#.((3p(#p(##11 " 0 p 0 p(#p(# p A.FreeResearch#p"p"I(#. # (# (##11  # 0 p 0 p(#p(# p B.FeeBasedResearch#p"p"I(#.LL( (# (##11 [!T$ 0 p  VI.CONCLUSION #p"p"I(#. p(#p(##12 "& 0 p  APPENDIXA"LEGALRESEARCHLINKS#p"p"I(#.+p(#p(##13 $ ( 0 p  APPENDIXB"GLOSSARYOFTECHNICALTERMS#p"p"I(#.2p(#p(##21 ?&8"* 0 p  APPENDIXC"ADVERTISINGREVIEWCOMMITTEEMATERIALS#p"p"I(#.nn=p(#p(##23 '#,    )x%.   C $$ C  TRX3'X3'3' Letter3' LetterT & ~%% & ~ & ~%% & ~XXXX  3XP Xh3    #dddd  3,XFXh3C T $ C XXXX          @[[USINGTHEINTERNETINANESTATEPLANNINGPRACTICEI(.           (h(#(#(C $ T C2  I  .3  ԀINTRODUCTION U)  ItseemsrathersillywritingapaperonwaystousetheInternetinanestateplanningpractice.ThingsarechangingsoquicklywithcomputersgenerallyandontheInternetinparticularthatwhateveriswrittenisdestinedtobeobsoletealmostbythetimeitispublished.V U  1      ׀Recentreportsindicatethattraffic  z  ontheInternetdoublesevery100days.Thedifficultyofwritingapaperonthistopicisincreasedbythediversityoftheaudience.Thingshavefinallygottentothepointwherefewattorneysarewillingtoadmitthattheyarenot ontheInternet,butmyperceptionisthatmanyInternet_wannabes_Ԁsaytheyare ontheInternetbecausetheyknowsomeoneintheirofficehasanemail  account.Ontheotherhand,manyestateplanningattorneys"themajority,perhaps?"arequitefacilewiththeInternet,andmanyhaveknowledgefarexceedingtheauthors.Thispaperisdividedintofoursubjects:(1)Internetbasicsforthenovice;(2)UsingtheInternettocommunicatewithothers;(3)UsingtheInternettomarketyourpractice;and(4)UsingtheInternetforresearch.Internetveteransmaywishtoskipthefirstsectionentirely,quicklyscanthesecondsubjectandfocusonthethirdandfourthsubjects.Technicaltermswhichareitalicizedinthispaper 1*  aredefinedintheglossaryattachedtothispaperasAppendixB.Theauthoracknowledgesthehelpofmanypersonsinpreparationofthispaper,includingmembersoftheTexasProbateemailmailinglist,theAmericanBarAssociationProbateandTrustLaw(ABA_PTL_)emailmailinglistandKathleenFordBay.  2  II  .3  ԀINTERNETBASICSFORTHENOVICE x1 Q&J"* TheInternetisalargelyunregulatedwebofcomputers(andcomputerusers)whichareconnectedtogether(throughphonelines,localarea )%. networks(LANs)andhighspeedconnections)and a*Z&/ shareinformation.TheInternetbeganinacademiaandthemilitarybuthasbecomeincreasinglycommercialinnature. ,(2 Ї   2  A  .3    ConnectingtotheInternet 3 2 ThefirststepinusingtheInternetisgettingonescomputerconnected.SomecomputersareconnectedfulltimetotheInternet.MostlawfirmsandothersmallbusinessesandindividualsdonothavefulltimeconnectionstotheInternet,however._W U  2      _ԀPersonswhoarenotconnectedfulltime  z9 directlytotheInternetaccesstheInternet(usuallybyatelephoneline)throughtheservicesofanInternetserviceprovider(ISP).  < Therearenationalandlocal_ISPs_.Thelargestand  > bestknownISPisAmericaOnline.Eachcityand aZ ? mosttownsalsohavelocalcompanieswhichprovideservices.Forexample,theauthoruses_Illuminati_ԀOnline(_io.com_),anAustincompanyprovidingISPservicesinAustinandHouston. C HerearethemostcommonwaystoconnecttotheInternetthroughanISP:  F    6  2  1  .3  ԀPersonalModemConnection 8 H Mostusers(includingtheauthor)connecttoanISP QJJ throughamodemlocatedinorattachedtotheuserspersonalcomputer.Amodemisadevice L whichmakesitpossibletosendacomputersdigitalinformationovertraditionalanalogtelephonelines(plainoldtelephoneservice,orPOTS).Toconnect aZO inthisway,theusermustestablishadialupaccountwithanISP.Thisusuallycostsaround Q $2030permonthforunlimited(or,atleast,ahighnumberofhoursof)use.Oncetheaccountisestablished,theusercauseshisorhermodemtodialtheISPslocaltelephone # V number(toavoidlongdistancecharges)and,afteranelectronichandshake(thehighpitchednoisethatcomputersandfaxmachinesmakeoverthetelephonelinewhenconnecting)theuserentershis_username_Ԁandpassword(orhashisorhercomputerautomaticallyentersuchinformation).InordertohavefullaccesstotheInternet,includingallthoseprettyWebpages,theusermusthaveaSLIPor_PPP_connection.WithoutSLIP/_PPP_,the 1+*'` userusuallyislimitedtoelectronicmail(email)and  afewotherhardtouseserviceswithnographical  userinterface(GUI).Intheolddays(say,ayearor  soago),itwasachoretoproperlysetupaSLIP/_PPP_connection.Now,Windows95userscan G@ dosoquicklyandeasilyusingsoftwarethatisbundled(soldalongwithfornoextraprice)with  Windows95.ThisbundlingdrivesMicrosoftcompetitorsoutofbusinessandissomethingwewillallprobablycometoregretwhenBillGatesbecomesemperor,butitdoesmakegettingafullconnectiontotheInterneteasier.BecauseacomputerthinksandtalksinadigitallanguageandtraditionalPOTStelephonelinescarryanaloginformation,thedigitaltoanalogtodigitaltranslationwhichmustoccurimposestechnicalproblemsandafairamountofunpredictability.Modemsoneachendmustnotonlyconvertandtransmit(orreceive)thedata,buttheymustconfirmwitheachotherthatthecorrectdatawassentandreceived.Thefastestmodemsgenerallyavailableare56Kmodems,_X U  3      _Ԁwhichtheoreticallycandownloadfrom  anISPatspeedsapproaching56,000bytesofinformationpersecondanduploadatupto31,200bytespersecond.DuetoFCCregulationsandreallifeconditions,actualperformanceneverreachesthesetheoreticallimits.Also,notallPOTS  telephonelinescansupport56Ktransmissions. g`    F  2  2  .3    ISDN PE   SomefirmsandhighendindividualusershaveswitchedtoIntegratedServicesDigitalNetwork w p# (ISDN)accesstotheir_ISPs_.ISDNlinestransmit G!@$ digitalinformation,makingitunnecessarytousea "% modemtotranslatedigitalinformationtoanalog "& andback.ISDNlinesprovidetwopairedlines( B #' lines),eachcapableofcarrying64,000bytesofinformationpersecond.IfbothBlinesareusedtogethertoconnecttoanISP,128,000bytesof '& "* informationpersecondmaybetransmitted.Becausethesignalremainsdigital,thereislittleornodegradation.Thus,128Ktransmissionsaremorethantheoreticallypossible.ISDNusescopperlines,justlikePOTSlines,buta / specialinstallationisnecessary.Also,ISDNlines 0 areslightlymoreexpensivethanPOTSlines._ISPs_  1 usuallychargemoreforanISDNconnectionthan  2 foramodemconnection. W P3 TouseanISDNline,theusermusthaveanISDN  5 terminal.Theseterminals,whicharesimilartomodems,usedtobequiteexpensivebutnowcostlittlemorethanamodem. g` 8 Manysmallbusinesses,includingtheauthorslawfirm,areinstallingISDNroutersontheirlocalarea  ; networks(LANs).Theserouters,whichcontainthe < ISDNterminal,areavailablefor$400"$900. wp= TheyenableeveryoneonthenetworktoshareanISDNlineforInternetaccess.Likeaserver,the ? routerdetermineshowtoallocatethebandwidth @ (thetransmissioncapacity)amongtheusers.Bandwidthisallocatedonlywhileauseris B uploadingordownloadinginformation.Thus,eventhoughfourpersonsmaybeusingtheInternetatonce,chancesaretheyarenotsimultaneouslydownloadingand/oruploadingveryoften.Whenthereisnosimultaneoususe,theentire128Kbandwidthisallocatedtothepersonusingit"meaningthathisorherperformancemorethandoublesa56Kmodem.Eveniffourpersonswere J uploadingordownloadingatthesameinstant,eachwouldbeallocatedapproximately31Kofbandwidth"comparabletoa34Kmodem. w pM TheauthorsfirmrecentlydecidedtoinstallanISDNlineandrouterforsharedInternetaccess. "P Hereisabreadkdownofthe_expensesA "P breakdownoftheexpensesisonthefollowingpage: ؒ% & ~_ #Q (h88(*Z[ ddd Xdd Xdd X(#(#,dd ,T5+  -\\  Pr-   OneTimeCharges  ?\],!yr \\ ?   Amount  O\@,yr% r0 P \] PbOISDNServiceConnectionCharge(SouthwesternBell) 6]#\ 6$78.60 F\7# b0 P ] PbFISDNInstallationCharge(SouthwesternBell)(24monthcontract"withnocontract,installationis$250.00,withoneyearcontract,$125.00) E]2\ # 3E0.00 U\F2' 3 # b0 P ] PbUISDNLANRouter(Shiva_AccessPort_Ԁ2.0) 6]#= 6\ 6695.00 F\7#= 6  b0 P ] PbFDialupISDNInternetAccess"ISPInstallationCharge(_Illuminati_ԀOnline) 6]#  \ 6100.00 F\7#   b0 P ] PbFTotalOneTimeCharges M]:  \  @3M$873.60 ]\N:  3  @ b0 P ] Pb] 6]#E > \ 6Ј F\7#E >  b0 P ] PbF   MonthlyCharges  ?],!  \ ?   Amount  O\@, % b0 P ] PbOISDNMonthlyService(SouthwesternBell) 6]# \ 6$52.27 F\7#  b0 P ] PbFDialupISDNInternetAccess"ISP(_Illuminati_ԀOnline) 6]#KD \ 685.00 L\];#KD  b0 P ] PbLTotalMonthlyCharges M]]:\]  @3M$137.27J@>3  @ b P ]] J & ~% ؒ   F   (h(#(#(Thisarrangementpermittedthefirmtoavoidtheneedformodemsonindividualcomputers(aonetimesavingsofapproximately$300),theinstallationofuptofourdedicatedPOTSlinesfor  modemuse(SouthwesternBellchargesslightlyless  than$50.00permonthperPOTSline,plus  installationcharges)andmaintenanceofmultipleInternetaccountsattheISP(approximately$20.00 C<  permonthperaccount).ThisarrangementalsoallowseveryoneintheofficetoaccesstheInternet(notjusttheattorneyswithmodems)ataverage # connectionrateswhicharemuchhigherthanifeachpersonconnectedviaamodem. SL%      F  2  3  .3    T1 _  ' Verylargefirms(orfirmsfortunateenoughtoofficeinbuildingswhere_ISPs_arelocated) c#\* sometimesconnecttotheInternetthroughaT1connection.Thesefirmsare,inessence,hotwiredtotheInternet.Thecostofsuchaconnectionisprohibitiveforallbutthelargestfirms.   2  B  .3    BasicInternetFeatures a C(<$0 OnceanoviceisconnectedtotheInternet,therearetwobasicfeaturesthatgetthemostuse"email *&3 andwebbrowsing.     F  2  1  .3    Email Tb #-)6 Electronicmail(email)isameanstosendmessages .*8 fromonecomputertoanotheroveranetwork. /+9 Therearebothinternalemailsystems,permitting 9 themembersofalocalareanetwork(LAN)topass c\: messagestoeachother,andexternalsystems,permittingcomputeruserstoexchangemessagesoverlongdistances,usuallyovertheInternet.ThispaperfocusesonemailontheInternet,notfor > _intraoffice_ԀmessagingoveraLAN. sl? Emailpermitsquick,free(ifonedoesntcountthe  A costofhavinganaccountwithanISP)transmission B ofmessagesandcomputerfilesworldwide.ItusuallytakeslessthantwominutesforamessagetogetfromthesendingcomputertoanywhereintheUnitedStates.Tosendandreceiveemail,theusermusthavean !H accountwithanISPandanemailclientprogram(a "I clientprogramiswhattheenduserusestosendandreceiveinformationtoaserver).Emailclient 3$, K programscomebundledwiththetwofreeweb % L browserprograms"NetscapeNavigatorandInternetExplorer.Inaddition,thereareotherfreeprograms,likeindustryleader_Eudora_ԀLight.Oncetheseclientprogramsareconfiguredwiththeright C(<$P informationtocommunicatewiththeserver ) %Q programattheISP,theycansendandreceive )%R email. *&S Touseemail,onemusthaveabasicunderstanding S,L(U ofInternetnamingconventions.Emailaddresses #-)V typicallyfollowtheformat 4^ngsJ  5  username@domain.com. 6UjJij  7jԀThe_username_Ԁisa .*X uniquenamethattheuserselects(orisassignedby /+Y _theISP).ThedomainiseithertheISPsname  (suchasAOLforAmericaOnline)oranotherdomain.For$70,anyonecanregisteradomainnameand,solongasnooneelsepickeditfirst,heorshecanusethatdomain.Tosendemail,onemustknowtheproposedrecipientsemailaddress.Oneofthekeyfeaturesofemailistheabilitytoattachfilestoemailmessages.Thiscomesinveryhandy.Forexample,assumethatapleadingmustbefiledtodayinacity200milesaway.Localcounselcanhandlethefiling,butthepleadingisonthecomputeratthehomeoffice.Byemailingthefiletolocalcounsel,thepleadingcanbeprinted,signedandfiledquickly.Anotherkeyfeatureofemailistheabilitytoeasilyrespondto,andquotefrom,apriormessage.SupposeJohnsendsSallythefollowingmessage:*_` d,d +  '\\]]P'&&&[a<2 9Z+.Courier New Regular[To:0l..l4bJ  5  sally@aol.com6  J  7  From:0l..l4cJ  5  john@io.com6  J  7  Subject:0_.._DinnerSaturdaynight?HowabouthavingdinnerwithmeSaturdaynight?John&&&c (6 Z 6Times New Roman RegularcԿTorespondtothemessage,Sallymerelyneedstohitthe Replybutton,andsheispresentedwithascreensimilartothis:*de d,d +  '\\]]P'&&&[a<2 9Z+.Courier New Regular[To:0l..l4fJ  5  john@io.com6  J  7  From:0l..l4gJ  5  sally@aol.com6  J  7  Subject:0_.._Re:DinnerSaturdaynight?On6/5/98,youwrote:>Howabouthavingdinnerwith>meSaturdaynight?>>John&&&c (6 Z 6Times New Roman RegularcԿItisaverysimplematterforSallytotypeherreplyandsendtheresponse:*hi d,d +  '\\]]P'&&&[a<2 9Z+.Courier New Regular[To:0\..\4jJ  5  john@io.com6  J  7  From:0\..\4kJ  5  sally@aol.com6  J  7  Subject:0O..ORe:DinnerSaturdaynight?Sorry,John,ImrearrangingmysockdrawerSaturdaynight.SallyOn6/5/98,youwrote:>Howabouthavingdinnerwith>meSaturdaynight?>>John&&&c (6 Z 6Times New Roman RegularcԿ....Theabilitytostringresponsestogetherhelpskeepthingsstraightiftheemailequivalentoftelephonetagensues.........  23  ..WebBrowsing  IfwebbrowsingwasnotbecomingahugeeconomicforceintheUnitedStates,theJusticeDepartmentwouldnotbesuingMicrosoftoverthewayinwhichitbundlesitswebbrowser,InternetExplorer,withWindows98.Businesses,institutionsandindividualsaroundtheworldhaveplacedmillionsofpagesofinformationavailableforpublicviewingontheInternet,andawebbrowseristhewaycomputerusersexplorethatinformation.TobrowsetheWeb,oneneedseitherNetscapeNavigatororInternetExplorer.Bothprogramscurrentlyareavailablefreeofcharge.Thewebbrowserunderstandswebaddresses,whichtypicallyfollowtheformat www.domain.com.Bytypingin www.microsoft.com,orbysimplyclickingthemouseonalinkto4lJ  5  www.microsoft.com,6  J  7  ԀthewebbrowserdisplaysthemainpageatMicrosoftCorporation,whichinturnprovideslinkstomanyotherpages.TheWorldWideWebtrulyisaweb"thebrowsercanfollowlinksfromonesitetothenextbysimplyclickingthemouse.    23  Ԁ  USINGTHEINTERNETTOCOMMUNICATEWITHOTHERS     Increasinglyclientsandattorneysareusingemailasaprimarymethodofcommunication.Workersinthehightechindustryrelyheavilyonemail.emailin1998isalotlikefaxmachinesin1990orso"thingshavejustaboutgottentothepointwhereitisshockingtofindanattorneywhodoesnothave(andknowhowtouse)email.Justlikewithfaxmachines,thereareafewholdouts,butthetimeisnotfaroffthatitwillbeinconceivabletopracticelawwithoutemail.Herearesomewaysattorneyscanuseemailtocommunicatewithothersmoreeffectively:0F..F0..Emailingopposingcounsel"ThismethodismorewidelyusedintransactionalpracticeareasratherthaninalitigationpracticebecausetheTexasRulesofCivilProceduredonotyetrecognizetheeffectivenessofemailcommunicationforcertificateofservicepurposes.Nevertheless,emailisagoodwaytosetmeetingdates,leavemessagesastostatus,etc.Itisquickerthanleavingavoicemailmessage,anditiseasytorespondtotheoriginalmessage,creatinga virtualpapertrailofthebackandforthmessages.0F..F0..Emailingclients"Manyclientsrelyheavilyonemailandprefertouseittocorrespond.Withclientcommunications,however,onemustworryaboutpreservationofattorneyclientprivilege.Isemailcorrespondencebetweenanattorneyandhisorherclientprivileged?Istheattorneymeetinghisorherethicalobligationstokeepclientinformationconfidentialifhe/sheusesemail?Thisisanemergingareaofthelaw.Forindepthdiscussionsofthissubject,seeFrankL.Amoroso, ApplyingtheAttorneyClientPrivilegetoEmail,at 4mJ  5  http://www.nhdd.com/emarta.htm;6  J  7  ԀThomasA.Keller, Attorney/clientPrivilegeAndEmail:IsthistheFastLanetoMalpracticeontheInformationSuperhighway?at4nJ  5  http://legal.law.stetson.edu/courses/tkeller.htm;6  J  7  andRobertL.Jones, ClientConfidentiality:ALawyersDutiesWithRegardtoInternetEmailat4oJ  5  http://www.computerbar.org/netethics/bjones.htm.6  J  7  ԀThebottomline:(1)Encryptedemailshouldbeusedifpossible;(2)Hackerscanreadunencryptedemail,sotheclientshouldbewarnedofthepotentiallossofconfidentialinformationandwaivetheattorneysresponsibilitythereforiftheclientchoosestouseemailtocommunicate;(3)astatementofconfidentialityandprivilegeshouldbeattachedtotheemailmessagetoillustratethattheattorneyandclientintendedthecommunicationtobeconfidential;and(4)theabilitytoprotectemailcommunicationundertheattorneyclientprivilegeprobablyhingesonwhetherornottherewasareasonableexpectationthatthecommunicationwouldbeconfidential.06..60..Emailwithincommittees,workgroups,etc."emailisaveryefficientwaytocirculateinformationamongafairlysmallgroupofpeopleworkingonthesameproject.Anemailmessagecanbesentto5"20personsquickerandcheaperthanafaxmessage.06..60..Emailmailinglists"Thereareemailmailinglistsonvirtuallyeverytopic.Forexample,theAmericanBarAssociationsSectiononRealProperty,ProbateandTrustLawsponsorstheABAPTLlist,whichhashundredsofsubscribersaroundthecountry,includinganumberofnationallyrecognizedexperts.Bysubscribingtothislist,anattorneywillget10to20emailmessagesperdayonavarietyofestateplanningtopics.Manyofthesewillnotbeofinterestandneednotberead.However,someofthemessageswillbetimelyandwelcome.Forexample,theauthorlearnedoftheissuanceofTAM9751003(4pJ  5  www.texasprobate.com/other/9751003.htm6  J  7  )"whichcalledintoquestiontheabilitytouseacrummeypowertoqualifyfortheannualgifttaxexclusionwhenthesubjectofthegiftisaninterestinafamilylimitedpartnership"onChristmasEve,1997,thedayafteritwasissued,bymeansofapostingontheABAPTLlist. q   ׀Thismadeitpossibletoreworkcertainprovisionsofalimitedpartnershipthatwastobecreatedbyyearend1997.ItispossiblethattheTAMwouldhavereachedtheauthorsconsciousnessbeforethatdealclosed,butnotlikely.EmailisnottheonlywaytocommunicatewithothersovertheInternet.Somefirmsareestablishingan extranetsothatpersonsgivenpermissioncanaccessinformationonthefirmscomputerovertheInternet.See Extranetbelow.̇    23  Ԁ  USINGTHEINTERNETTOMARKETYOURPRACTICE     MoreandmorelawyersareusingtheInternettomarketthemselves.Asimplewaytodothisistoestablishanemailaccountandincludetheemailaddressonletterhead,businesscards,etc.Thismakesiteasierforprospectiveclientstocontactyou.AmorecomplexwaytomarketalawyeroralawfirmisthroughtheWorldWideWeb.ByplacinginformationabouttheattorneyorthefirmontheWebandbydevelopingstrategiesforgettingpotentialclientsorreferralsourcestoviewtheinformation,attorneysmayincreasetheircaseload.ThispartofthepaperfocusesonthestepsinvolvedincreatingasiteontheWorldWideWebforattorneysandlawfirms...  23  ..WebPageBasics  ..MostInternetServiceProviders(ISPs)provideacertainamountofdiskstoragespaceontheirserverforeachpersonwithanaccountwiththecompany.Forexample,IlluminatiOnlineprovidesupto10megabytesofstoragespacetoindividualaccountholders. r   ׀Typicallythisdiskstoragespaceisprivate"onlytheaccountholdermayaccesswhatisonthesite.Thisworksfineforthingslikeemail,sincetheaccountholderpresumablydoesnotwanttheworldtobeabletoreadhisorheremailofftheISPsserver.However,uponrequesttheISPwillpermitthepublictoaccesspartoftheaccountholdersdiskstorage.Byplacingproperlyformattedinformationinsucha publicwebdirectory,theaccountholdercanhaveapresenceontheWorldWideWeb.TheformatwhichmadetheWorldWideWebwhatitistodayiscalledhypertextmarkuplanguage(HTML).HTMLisaseriesofcodeswhichpermitsaremotecomputertodisplayinformationinaformatwhichisidenticalorsimilartotheformatinwhichtheinformationappearedonthewritersscreen.Thesecodes,whichcanbeseenonanyWebpagebypressingthe Sourcebuttononthe ViewmenuofInternetExplorerorNetscapeNavigator,aremerelyspecialcharactersandcommandsinsertedinatextfile.HTMLdocumentscanbewrittendirectlyinthespecialcode(itisnttoohardtofigureout).However,mostWebpublishersuseotherprogramstowriteHTMLdocuments.Forexample,aWordPerfectdocumentcanbesavedasanHTMLdocument. s   ׀Also,InternetExplorerandNetscapeNavigatorbothcomebundledwithWebpublishingprograms.The hypertextpartofHTMLiswhatgivestheWorldWideWebitsweblikenature.HTMLdocumentscanbecodedtoprovidelinkstootherpagesontheWebwithrelevantinformation.Forexample,thismightbeagoodplacetoinsertalinkto4tJ  5  aWebsitethattellsyouhowHTMLworks6  J  7  .TheunderlinedphraseintheprevioussentenceisahypertextlinktoaneducationalsiteonusingHTML.IfthisdocumentwasontheWebandthereaderdecidedthatnowwouldbeagoodtimetolearnmoreaboutHTML,heorshecouldclickthemouseonthatlinkandbewhiskedawaytothatsite.(Hopefullythereaderwouldhavethegoodsensetoclickonthe BackbuttonontheWebbrowsertocomebacktothispaper,however.)ManyrudimentaryattorneyWebsites(alsocalled homepages,althoughthisquaintexpressionisbecomingpass)containmostlybiographicalandaddressinformationandveryfewhypertextlinks.Onelinkusuallyincludedisa mailto:link,whichpermitsthepersonviewingthesitetosendemailtotheowneroftheWebpage.MorecomplexWebsitesincludemanylinksandmayalsoincludesubstantiveinformationonthesiteitself...  23  ..AdvancedWebPageTechniques  Thepathfromhavingabasicsitetoacomplexsiteisalongone,withplentyofplacestohopoffalongtheway.Theauthorisfamiliarwithsomeofthesetechniques,butmanyarebeyondhisexpertise.ManyfirmshireoutsideexpertstocreatetheirWebsitefromthegroundup,or,atleast,toimplementsomeoftheseadvancedtechniques.Here,then,isagrabbagofadvancedwebpagedesigntoconsider:....  23  ..Graphics  ....Lawyersdealwithwords,somosthomegrownWebsitesforattorneysareshortongraphics.Havingnographicsmakesthesiteboring,however,soatsomepointgraphicsshouldbeaddedtohelpsitenavigationandeyeappeal.Graphicsfilestypicallycomeineitherthe.gifor.jpgformatsandcanbeanythingfrombuttonsandbarstofullcolorphotographs.ThesegraphicsfilescanbestoredontheISPsserveralongwiththeHTMLfiles,andHTMLlanguagemakesitfairlyeasytoincorporategraphics.ProgramslikeFrontPageExpress(bundledwithMicrosoftsInternetExplorer)makeinsertinggraphicsfairlyeasy.Graphicsfilescanbecomebigandunwieldy,usingupdiskspaceattheISPand,moreimportantly,increasingthetimeittakestoloadthefileovertheInternet.Abalancemustbestruckbetweeneyeappealinggraphicsanddownloadtime.Alawyerssitedoesnothavetobetoosexy"leavethepinklettersonwavypurplebackgroundstotheadultsites.....  23  ..MakingTextFilesEasytoDownload  Wordprocessingfiles(suchasWordPerfectfiles)canbestoredontheISPsserverandmadeavailablefordownloadtoviewersofawebsite.TheWebusercannotviewtheWordPerfectfileovertheInternet,sooftentheremustbetwofilesofadocumentontheserver"aHTMLversionandaWordPerfectversion.AdobeAcrobatisaprogramwhichpermitspostingofdocumentsinthePDFformat.ThisformatcanbereadbyuserswiththeAdobeAcrobatReaderprogram,whichisavailableovertheInternetforfree.AdobegivesawaythereaderhopingthatWebsiteownerswillbuythefullfeaturedversion(forapproximately$300)sothatdocumentscanbeplacedontheserverinPDFformat.MakingdocumentsavailablefordownloadinWordPerfectformatisarealservicetoattorneys.WordPerfectstillisthe#1wordprocessingprogramforattorneys,andtheabilitytogetaWordPerfectdocument(forexample,apowerofattorneyform)overtheInternetgivesattorneysusingthesiterealvalue.....  23  ..Forms  ....Includingfillinformonthewebsitemakesitmorelikelythatthesiteownerwillhearfromasiteuserandthattheinformationisreceivedinapredictableformat.Theformcouldbenothingmorethanasimpleemailqueryorascomplexasadocumentretrievalrequestthatrequiresaserverbasedprogramtoprocessit.....  23  ..WebSiteSearchEngine  Manysitesincludeasearchengineforfindingfilesonthesitebykeywords.Ifthesitecontainsanumberofsubstantivearticles,asearchenginecanmakethesitemucheasiertouseand,therefore,muchmorelikelytobelinkedandusedrepeatedly.Thereareanumberoffreesitesearchenginesavailable,aswellasanumberofcommercialproducts.Forinformationonplacingasearchengineonawebsite,linkto4uJ  5  www.searchenginewatch.com/resources/software.html6  J  7  .....  23  ..Extranet  AnextranetisasiteontheInternetwhichpermitspersonsoutsidetheLANpasswordaccesstoprotectedpartsofthesite.Forexample,theACTECwebsite(4vJ  5  www.actec.org)6  J  7  Ԁhasanextranet"amembersonlyareawhichnonmemberscannotaccess.Lawfirmscanuseanextranettokeepclientsinformedaboutpendingmatters.Forexample,ifalawfirmrepresentsanumberofinsurancecompaniesonmultipleinsurancedefensematters,itcangiveitsclientspasswordprotectedaccesstocertaininformation,suchascasestatus,pleadings,depositiontranscripts,etc.Theinsuranceadjustercouldgotothelawfirmssite,entertheappropriatepassword,andseetheinformationwithouthavingtobothertheattorneyorthefirmssupportstaff.MostISPscanpermitpasswordprotectionofaportionofthesite,enablinganextranet.Passwordandusernamemaintenancecanbeaproblemiftheclientbasechangesfrequently,however...  23  ..WebSite"EthicalConsiderations  SomeattorneysitesontheWorldWideWebclearlyareadvertisements.Theprimarypurposeofthesiteistoattractbusinessfortheattorney.Othersitesaremoreeducationalinnature.Thesitemayindirectlygeneratebusinessfortheattorneyhostingit,butsolicitationofclientsisnottheprimarypurposeofthesite.Ethicsgroupsaroundthecountryhavestruggledwithlawyeradvertisingissuesingeneralandattorneyswebsiteissuesinparticular.TheAdvertisingReviewCommitteeoftheStateBarofTexas(4wJ  5  www.obeliskcom.com/arc6  J  7  )hasissuedinterpretivecommentsontheuseofwebpagesbyattorneys.ThesecommentsareattachedasAppendixC.Basedontheseinterpretativecomments,Texasattorneyswithwebsites &&&c(9 Z6Times New Roman Regularcmustfileahardcopy,includingtheURLaddressof:(1)thefirstscreenwhichissenttothecomputerofanaccessingpersonwhenthehomepagelocation(URL)isaccessed;and(2)anymaterialchangesinformatthatvaryfromthefirstscreenoftheoriginalhomepage.&&&c (6 Z 6Times New Roman RegularcThisinformation,togetherwithanapplicationform(foundinAppendixC)anda$50.00fee,mustbefiledwiththeAdvertisingReviewCommittee.Thesitemaybepreapprovedorfiledcontemporaneouslywithitsuse...  23  ..MarketingStrategies  HowdoesanattorneyattractattentiontohisorherWebsite"andnotjustanyattention,buttheattentionofpotentialclientsorreferralsources?TwoexcellentarticlesbyJosephJacobsen(aTexasattorneywhoalsoservesontheStateBarofTexassAdvertisingReviewCommittee)areavailableontheWeb" MarketingYourLawPracticeontheInternetat4xJ  5  www.obeliskcom.com/marketlawyers/01.html6  J  7  Ԁand TheFutureoftheInternet"EthicsIncreasedImportancetoAttorneysat4yJ  5  http://www.obeliskcom.com/marketlawyers/02.html6  J  7  Ԁ.SomeofthefollowingdiscussionisdrawnfromconceptsdiscussedbyMr.Jacobsen,aswellasfromtheauthorsownexperience.........  23  ..WhoIstheTargetAudience?  IndesigningaWebsite,thefirstquestionmustbe:Whoisthetargetaudience?Areprospectiveclientsexpectedtoaccessthesiteandcontacttheattorney?Aretrustofficers,investmentadvisors,insuranceprofessionals,etc.,expectedtobeattractedtothesiteandreferbusinesstotheattorney?Isthesitetargetedatotherattorneyswhomaywishtoreferamatterorassociatecocounsel?Thetargetaudienceofthesitedrivesthepurposeanddesignofthesite.Forexample,PaulPremack,whoisanelderlawattorneyinSanAntonio,useshissite(4zJ  5  www.premack.com)6  J  7  Ԁtoprovideawealthofinformationforconsumersregardingelderlawissues.Mr.Premackdoessuchagoodjobofprovidingusefulinformationtoconsumersthathealsoprovidesinformationofusetoattorneysaswell.Nonetheless,itisclearfromreviewinghissitethatMr.Premackisseekingtoprovideinformationtoconsumersdirectly.Thisclearlydefinedpurposegivesdirectionandenergytothesite.KnowingthetargetaudiencehelpsMr.Premackknowwhatwritingstyletouse,howtopublicizehissite(andhispractice)andhowtorespondtoinquiriesfromthesite.Theauthorssite(4{J  5  www.texasprobate.com),6  J  7  Ԁontheotherhand,isgearedtootherlawyers,nottoconsumers.Thesitegrewoutoftheauthorsdesiretomaketimelyinformationavailableaboutpendinglegislationduringthe1995legislativesession.Whileprobatelegislationmaybeofpassinginteresttomembersofthegeneralpublic,itisnotgoingtoattractawholelotofattentionfromJaneQ.Public.Probatelawyersandnonspecialistsaroundthestate,ontheotherhand,findthetopicmoreinterestinganduseful,especiallywhenSeptember1rollsaroundanditistimetostartusingthenewstatutorydurablepowerofattorneyformandWestPublishingCompanyhasnotreleaseditslatestpaperbackversionoftheProbateCode.Whilethesitewasntbegunwithmarketinginmind,itclearlyhasboostedtheauthorsbusiness.WhiletheauthorgetsinquiriesfrommembersofthegeneralpublicdirectlyfromtheWebsite,butmostusersarelawyers.Thismeansthatthemarketingadvantagesofhavingthesitearemoretenuousandhardtomeasure,butovertimeithasbecomeclearthattheWebsiteboostsreferrals.........  23  ..WhyShouldaMemberoftheTargetAudienceVisittheSite?  AfterthetargetaudienceoftheWebsiteisidentified,howcanmembersofthataudiencebemotivatedtovisitthesite?Traditionally,attorneysannouncedtheirdesireforbusinesswithsimplelistingsintheYellowPagesandtersebiographiesinlegaldirectoriessuchasMartindaleHubble.OneoptionistomaketheWebsitesimilartothefirmsMartindaleHubbleadvertisement.Manyfirmsdothis,butthereisonebigdifferencebetweentraditionalpublicationssuchastheYellowPagesandMartindaleHubbleandtheWorldWideWeb.TheYellowPagesandMartindaleHubbleindexlistingsinone,clearlydefinedwaywhichtheusermustfollowifthepublicationistobehelpful.Forexample,someoneusingMartindaleHubbletofindaprobatelawyerinDallasmust,asapracticalmatter,gotothe Texasvolume,lookunder Dallasandlookatthepracticeareasandbiographiesofthefirmslistedtheretofindanappropriatelawyer.ThereisnosetindexingmethodontheWeb.ApotentialclientmaysearchforaprobatelawyerinDallasinoneofseveralways.Forexample,theprospectmayuseacommercialdirectory,suchastheonesponsoredbyWestGroup.However,theprospectisjustaslikely(perhapsmorelikely)tolookforanattorneyusingoneofthefreesearchservices,suchasYahooorAltaVista.TheprospectmaylookontheWebforinformationonprobatingawillandtrytolinktoanattorneyfromthere.IfthefirmsWebpagejusthasbiographicalinformation,theprospectmayneverfindit.Anotheroptionistoincludeanumberoflinkstoothersitesonthefirmssite.Asageneralrule,siteswithanumberoflinksusuallyhaveanumberofsiteslinkedbacktothem.ThemorehypertextconnectionsasitehastotherestoftheWeb,themorelikelyitisthatsomeonewhomightbenefitfromthesiteislikelytofindit.ThereareanumberofappropriateandusefullinksforalawfirmsWebsite"judicialsites,lawschoolsites,statutoryandlegislativesites,otherfirmssites,etc.Athirdoptionistoprovidesubstantiveinformationofinteresttothetargetaudienceonthesiteitself.Ifasitedoesmorethanmerelypromotethesitesowner,itismuchmorelikelytobelinkedanditismuchmorelikelytobefoundbyawebcrawlerengine(see FreeWebIndexesandSearchEnginesbelow).Ifthetargetaudienceisconsumersofestateplanningservices,thesitecouldhavearticlesdescribingtheplanningprocess,descriptionsofplanningtechniquesinlayterms,etc.ThesearticlesnecessarilywouldincludemanyofthekeywordswhichaprospectiveclientmaysearchforusingawebcrawlerservicesuchasAltaVista,makingitmuchmorelikelythattheprospectiveclientwillfindthepage.Also,providingwellwritten,correctinformationontheWebisawayforanattorneytoshowthepotentialclientthattheattorneyknowswhatheorsheistalkingabout.........  23  ..IfYouBuildIt,WillTheyCome?  LinksarethelifebloodofWebsites.Thegreatestsiteintheworldisvirtuallyworthlessunlessthetargetaudiencecananddoesaccessthesite.Howcanviewersbeattractedtothesite?..........  23  ..CommercialServices  Therearecompanieswhich,forafee,willincludealinktoonessite(orthesiteitself)onlistsofotherattorneys,businessesandrelatedsites.ThesecompaniesarejustlikepublishersofYellowPages"theyselladdstobusinesseswhohopetheirtargetaudienceusesthatservice.Someofthebignamesinlegalpublishingoffercommercialservices"MartindaleHubbellandWestPublishing,forexample.Attorneysmustengageinthesamecost/benefitanalysiswiththeseservicesastheydowiththeirYellowPagesads"istheprojectedtrafficthroughthesiteworththefee?Theauthorhasnotusedcommercialservicestopromotehissite...........  23  ..FreeWebIndexesandSearchEngines  ......ThelargestsearchenginesontheWebarefree.Theseenginesmakemoneysellingadvertisingontheirsites.Theybenefitfromthelargestnumberofuserspossibleusingtheirservice,sotheywantcomputeruserstofindwhattheyarelookingforontheirservice.Therearetwobasictypesofsearchengines.Thefirsttype,ofwhichYahoo(4|J  5  www.yahoo.com)6  J  7  Ԁisthebestknown,maintainsanindexofWebsitesbytopic.WhenacomputeruserusesYahootosearchfora Texasprobatelawyer,theYahooprogramsearchesitsindexofsitesforprobablematches.Theothertypeofsearchengineundertakesamuchmoreambitioustask.Thistype,ofwhichAltaVista(4}J  5  www.altavista.com)6  J  7  Ԁisanexample,usesaprogramcalledawebcrawlertocontinuouslysearchtheWorldWideWebforpages.Thewebcrawlernotesthekeywordsonaparticularpageandindexesthosekeywordsinthesearchenginesindex.WhenausersearchesAltaVistafora Texasprobatelawyer,theAltaVistaenginelooksinitsindexforwebpageswhichcontainsomecombinationofthesekeywords.Ingeneral,thebestwayforanattorneytogethisorherpagenoticed(andindexedon)serviceslikeYahooistosubmitthepageandashortdescriptiondirectlytotheservice.Therearecompanieswhichwilldothisfortheattorneyforafee,butitcanbedoneforfreeiftheattorneyiswillingtotakethetimetodoso.Obviously,ifYahooisonlygoingtosearchthesitesnameandbriefdescription,itpaystohavethedescriptioncontainthemostlikelykeywordsthataprospectiveclientwouldenter.Forexample,whichofthesedescriptionswouldbemorelikelytobepickedupbyYahooinasearchbysomeonelookingforalawyertohandleaprobatematterinDallas?*~ d,d +  '\\]]P'0..Death&Greed,P.C."Youplugem,wepluckem.0..Death&Greed,P.C."JoeDeathandBillGreed,boardcertifiedestateplanningandprobatelawyers,Dallas,Texas.....Ifaprospectiveclientfoundbothdescriptions,he/shemayverywellbeattractedtothesenseofhumorevidencedinthefirstexample.However,givenhowsearchengineswork,itisunlikelythatthefirstdescriptioneverwouldbeseen.Ontheotherhand,thereareanumberofkeywordsinthesecondexamplethatmightattractthesearchengine"estateplanning,probate,lawyers,Dallas,Texas.Thissearchenginephenomenonisevenmoreexaggeratedwithrespecttothewebcrawlertypesearchengine.Apagewithlotsoftopicspecifickeywordsismorelikelytopopupasoneofthetop20choicesthanonewithcrypticinformation.Onewaytoenhancethechancesofbeingpickedupbyawebcrawlerprogramandtocontrolhowthesiteisdescribedbythesearchengineisthroughtheuseofmetatags.MetatagsarespecialHTMLcodeswhicharenotseenbytheuser(unlessthe View...Sourcebuttonispushed)butwhichtellthewebcrawlerusefulinformationaboutthesite.Onemetatagisforadescriptionofthesite.Ifthewebcrawlerpicksupthesite(becauseofkeywords),andifthesitehasadescriptionmetatag,thecrawlerissupposedtodisplaytheuserwrittendescriptionratherthananexcerptfromthefirstpartofthepageselectedbythecrawler.Anothermetatagisforkeywords.Ifusedproperly,thisenablesausertobeconnectedtoapagethatotherwisemightbemissedbythecrawler.Forexample,alaypersonmayhaveheardaboutQTIPtrustsandbelookingforalawyerwhoknowsaboutthem.Asearchfor QTIPlawyerDallasmaynotturnupasitewithextensivereferencestomaritaldeductiontrusts,qualifiedterminableinterestpropertytrusts,etc.If QTIPwasincludedinthekeywordmetatag,thelaypersonmaygetconnectedwiththe maritaldeductionlawyersheseeks.Unfortunately,metatags"especiallythekeywordtag"canbeabused.Anumberofadultsitestrytoattractviewersbyusingkeywordswhichhavenothingtodowiththesitebeingpromoted.Theoperatorsofwebcrawlerprogramsmaydeleteasitefromitsindexentirelyifitappearsthatthekeywordmetatagisbeingabused...........  23  ..NonInternetRelatedMarketing  ......Alawyershouldputhisorherwebsiteaddressandemailaddressonletterhead,businesscards,seminarhandouts,charityrelatedads(suchastheprogramfortheschoolplay),etc.ManyprospectiveclientsprefertoinitiatecontactwithanattorneyovertheInternet.Iftheyseeanattorneyswebaddressandemailaddressonaseminarhandout,theymaybrowsethesiteandsendanemailinquiry.  ......  23  Ԁ  USINGTHEINTERNETFORLEGALRESEARCH     ThereisahugeamountofinformationavailableontheInternet,butunfortunatelyaccesstothatinformationisspotty"atleastwhenusingfreeservices...  23  ԀFreeResearch  ThekeytofindinginformationontheInternetistheWorldWideWeb,andthekeytofindinginformationontheWorldWideWebarehypertextlinks.AttachedasanappendixtothispaperisatableshowinggivinglinkstoanumberofsitesontheWeb.AnupdatedversionofthistableisavailableontheauthorsWebsite(4J  5  www.texasprobate.com,6  J  7  Ԁpushthe Linksbutton).Thetableattemptstogiveadescriptionoftheinformationtobefoundoneachsiteandtheauthorssubjectiveratingofthesite.Mostofthesiteslistedalsohaveextensivelinkstoothersites.Thismakesthistable(or,moreappropriately,the Linkspageon4J  5  www.texasprobate.com)6  J  7  ԀanentrywaytotheWeb.InadditiontoresourcesavailableontheWeb,emailmailinglistscanbeavaluablesourceofsubstantiveinformationforlawyers.ThetwobestlistsforestateplanningandprobatelawyersinTexasaretheABAPTLlistandtheauthorsTexasProbatelist.Informationonsubscribingtobothlistsisincludedintheappendix.TheABAPTLlistcoversnationalissues,includingtaxissues,whiletheTexasProbatelistfocusesonTexasissues,includinglegislativedevelopments...  23  ԀFeeBasedResearch  ..DuetothestillspottyresourcesavailableforfreeovertheInternet,itprobablyremainsnecessarytohaveanaccountwithWestlaworLEXIStofillinthegaps.WestlawandLEXISareavailableovertheInternet.TherearetworeasonscurrentdialupcustomersmaywishtoaccessWestlawovertheInternetratherthanbyadialupconnection.First,theInternetconnectionprobablyisfaster,especiallyifa56Kmodemisused.Second,itisunnecessarytohangupthelinetotheISP(disconnectingfromtheInternet)inordertoaccessWestlaw,andviceversa.TherearetwowaystoaccessWestlawovertheInternet.TousetheWestmate6.3interface(thecurrentdialupinterface)overtheInternet,clickon Setupinthe Filemenu,thenclickon Communications,thenclickon SignOnOptions,andthenaddWESTLAWviaWindowsSocketstotheavailablesignonoptions.(Thedialupoptionmayberetainedordeletedaspreferred.)Then,whensigningonWestlaw,makesure WESTLAWviaWindowsSocketsisselected.TouseInternetExplorerorNetscapeNavigatortoaccessWestlaw,clickon4J  5  www.westlaw.com.6  J  7  ToaccessLEXISontheInternet,useInternetExplorerorNetscapeNavigatorandclickon4J  5  www.lexis.com.6  J  7      23  Ԁ  CONCLUSION     TheInternetisbecomingincreasinglyimportanttoattorneys.Withalittleeffort,itcanbearesource,notaburden.c (6 Z 6Times New Roman RegularcԴ    \R'3Letter Landscape\@..  APPENDIXA"LEGALRESEARCHLINKS  Ԉ  ThesesitesareselectedandratedbyGlennM.KarischofBarnes&Karisch,P.C.,Austin,Texas.Theratingsandcommentsaresubjective.  * d, dT , dT ,dT , dT ,dd +  #\\/#c(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularcTypec(9 Z6Times New Roman Regularc \\ Link \\ LinkName \\ Description \\\ Rating +\\\P/+ ESTATEPLANNINGORIENTEDEMAILMAILINGLISTS  #\\P/#E \\ 4J  5  www.texasprobate.com/main/list.htm6  J  7  \\ TheTexasProbateMailingList(SubscriptionInformation) \\ ThiswebpagegivessubscriptioninformationforGlennKarischsTexasProbateemailmailinglist(4J  5  probate@io.com),6  J  7  ԀalistforTexasestateplanning,probateandtrustlawyers.Thelistisparticularlyuseful(andactive)duringlegislativesessions,sinceGlennpostsfrequentupdatesonprobatelegislation. \\\ Notratedsincethelistismaintainedbytheauthor. #\\P/#E \\ 4J  5  http://206.241.12.9/scripts/wa.exe?SUBED1=aba-ptl&A=16  J  7  \\ TheABAPTLList(SubscriptionForm) \\ ThiswebpageisasubscriptionformfortheABAPTLlist,whichisthebestsingleresourceonestateplanningandprobatelawontheInternet. \\\ HHHHThebest,mostcurrentinformationavailableonestatetaxissuesandothernationalestateplanningissues. +\\\P/+ NATIONALWEBSITESOFINTERESTTOESTATEPLANNERS #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.lawcrawler.com6  J  7  \\ LawCrawler \\ LawCrawlerusestheAltaVistasearchenginetopermittextsearchesonlawrelatedwebpages. \\\ HHHHThissite,supportedbyadvertising,isexcellent. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  http://thomas.loc.gov6  J  7  \\ Thomas"U.S.CongressontheInternet \\ Thisisagreatsourceforlegislativeinformationonfederallegislation,includingfulltextversionsofpendingbills.Itsometimestakesseveraldaysforbillsmarkedupincommitteetoshowuphere,however. \\\ HHHHThebestprimarysourceforinformationonpendingfederallegislation. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  http://supct.law.cornell.edu/supct6  J  7  \\ CornellLawSchool/LegalInformationInstituteU.S.SupremeCourtSite \\ ThisfreesiteprovidesthefulltextofU.S.SupremeCourtopinionssince1990.Itissearchable. \\\ HHHHThisisagood,freeplacetogetacopyofthatSupremeCourtcasethateveryoneistalkingaboutimmediatelyafteritsrelease. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.findlaw.com6  J  7  \\ FindLaw \\ FindLawisanindexbasedguidetolegalresourcesontheInternet.SearchingFindLawislikesearchingYahoo"yousearchtheindex.FindLawscousin,LawCrawler,searchesthetextonpages"likeanAltaVistasearch. \\\ HHHHAdvertisingpaysforthisfree,verygoodnationalresource. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.ca-probate.com6  J  7  \\ MarkWelchsCaliforniaEstatePlanning,ProbateandTrustLawSite \\ ProbablythebestattorneysponsoredsiteontheWebforestateandprobateinformation.MostoftheinformationisgearedtoCalifornia,butthelinksaregreat.Theresacomprehensivelistofprobatelawyerswithwebsitesnationwideaswell. \\\ HHHHAnexcellentallaroundsite. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.westlaw.com6  J  7  \\ WestlawsInternetInterface \\ AllofWestlawavailablethroughyourInternetbrowserratherthanthroughadialupconnectionτfora fee ,ofcourse. \\\ HHHHWestlawviatheInternetatWestlawrates. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/cfr-table-search.html6  J  7  \\ TheNationalArchivesCodeofFederalRegulationsSite \\ Thissiteisagoodfreesourceoftaxregulations,sinceitcanbesearchedbyTitle.Thus,searchingTitle26yieldsmosttaxregulationsestateplannersareinterestedin. \\\ HHHAgood,searchablefreesourcefortaxregulations. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.cusipquery.com6  J  7  \\ Standard&PoorsCUSIPQuerySite \\ ThissitepermitsfreequeriesforCUSIPnumbers.Usersmustregisterandarelimitedtoatotalnumberofusespermonth. \\\ HHHAgoodwaytogetCUSIPsforthe706ifthebrokerisnthelpful. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/Lobby/5011/6  J  7  \\ TheLawandPoliticsInternetGuide \\ Thissitehasanumberofusefullinks,includingarticlesonhowtoperformvariousresearchtasksontheInternet(seethe LegalResearchpage). \\\ HHHAthoroughcollectionofnationallegalinformation. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.unclefed.com/Tax-Bulls/1998/98revprocslist.html6  J  7  \\ TheNationalTaxServicesIRSBulletinsSite \\ Thissitehasmanyrevenuerulings,revenueprocedures,etc.Itdoesnthavethelatestinformation,butitsfree. \\\ HHHFreesourceformanyRev.Rul.andRev.Procs. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.actec.org6  J  7  \\ AmericanCollegeofTrustandEstateCounsel(ACTEC)Site \\ ThissiteismaintainedbyACTEC,anationalassociationofestateandtrustlawyers.Itisdividedintoapublicside(foreveryone)andaprivateside(forACTECfellowsonly).Thepublicsidecontainsanumberofarticles,taxrulings,etc.,ofinteresttoestateplanninglawyers.OnepubliclyavailablepagelistsACTECswebsitesoftheweek,whichisanexcellentsourceofnewandinterestingsites. \\\ HHHThesubstantiveinformationonthissiteisfirstrate,butitdoesnotattempttocoverabroadrangeofissues.Thisisanexcellentsecondarysourceandthelinksaregood. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  http://members.aol.com/dmk58/eplinks.html6  J  7  \\ DennisKennedysEstatePlanningLinksWebSite \\ DennisKennedyisaMissouriattorneywhohascompiled"andrated"acomprehensivelistofestateplanningsites. \\\ HHHAgoodlistoflinks.Theratings,thoughsubjective,helptheuserdecidewhattosee. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.ca-probate.com/wills.htm6  J  7  \\ WillsontheWeb \\ MarkWelchscollectionofthewillsoffamouspeople. \\\ HHHInterestingreading,ifyouareintothatsortofthing. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.irs.ustreas.gov/6  J  7  \\ TheInternalRevenueServiceSite \\ Thissitecouldbebetterthanitisif,forexample,itincludedTAMs,PLRs,etc.Still,itisafreesourceforIRSforms. \\\ HHUsefulsourceoftaxforms. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.concentric.net/~Banister/6  J  7  \\ BanisterFinancial,Inc.sSite \\ Inadditiontoinformationaboutthisbusinessvaluationfirm,therearesubstantivearticlesonbusinessvaluationtechniques. \\\ HHThearticlesonbusinessvaluationmaybeuseful. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/26/index.html6  J  7  \\ CornellLawSchoolsU.S.Code!IndextoTitle26 \\ ThissitehastheentireU.S.Code(althoughitisnotalways100%current).ThislinkistotheindextoTitle26"Chapters1114relatedtoestate,gift,andgenerationskippingtax. \\\ HHAgoodwaytoreviewthecode,butitisnot100%current. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.naela.com6  J  7  \\ TheNationalAssociationofElderLawAttorneysSite \\ TheNAELAsitehasinformationabouttheorganization,andthemembersareamayhaveusefulsubstantiveinformation,butthepublicsidehaslittlesubstantivelegalinformation. \\\ HHGoodresourceforinformationonNAELA,shortonsubstantivelaw. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  http://law.house.gov/usc.htm6  J  7  \\ TheU.S.HouseofRepresentativesU.S.Code \\ ThisfreesitehastheentireU.S.Codeandissearchablebytitle,etc. \\\ HHThissiteiseasiertousethantheCornellLawSchoolU.S.Codesite,butitisstillatoughwaytodotaxresearch. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.ljextra.com/practice/trusts/index.html6  J  7  \\ LawJournalExtrasWillsandTrustsSite \\ LawJournalExtraoffersfreesubstantivearticlesonestateplanningandtrusttopics. \\\ HHArticlesarewellwrittenandtimely. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  http://estateplanning.com6  J  7  \\ SchumacherPublishingsEstatePlanningSite \\ Thisisacommercialsitesponsoredbyapublisher.Itcontainsusefulfreeinformation,includinganonlineestatetaxcalculator. \\\ HHAgoodcommercialsitewithsomeusefulfreeinformation. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.katsden.com/death/index.html6  J  7  \\ WebstersDeath,DyingandGriefSite \\ Linkstowebsitesondeath,dying,cemeteries,thegriefprocess,etc. \\\ HHAgoodplacetostartforinformationonthisprobaterelatedarea. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  www.lawresearch.com6  J  7  \\ LawResearch \\ LawResearchisacommercial,subscriptionbasedservice,butitofferssomeusefulfreelinksandafreeemailnewsletterwithnew,interestinglinks. \\\ HHSomegoodfreeinformationandthefreemonthlyemailnewsletteroccasionallyturnsupgoodlinks. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  http://members.aol.com/CRTrust/CRT.html6  J  7  \\ VaughanHenrysCharitableRemainderTrustPlanningPage \\ Thissitehaslinkstomanysitesinthecharitablegiving/plannedgivingarea,includingafreedownloadofanestateandgifttaxcalculator. \\\ HLotsofusefullinks. #\\P/#N \\ 4J  5  http://207.49.1.8/rppt/home.html6  J  7  \\ TheABAsRealProperty,ProbateandTrustLawSectionsHomePage \\ Thissitehaslinkstosectionsponsoredlistservs,includingABAPTL.Italsohasanumberofrealestateandprobaterelatedlinks. \\\ HThelinksaregood. +\\\P/+ TEXASWEBSITESOFINTERESTTOESTATEPLANNERS #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.texasprobate.com6  J  7  \\ TheTexasProbateWebSite \\ Thissite,maintainedbyGlennM.KarischofBarnes&Karisch,P.C.,hasexcellentinformationonTexasprobatelegislationandspottycoverageofotherTexasissues,includingsomeforms \\\ Notrated,sincetheauthormaintainsthesite #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.brandtlaw.com/lydia/internet_sites.html6  J  7  \\ TexasLegalResearchInternetSites \\ Thissite,whichismaintainedbyLydiaM.V.BrandtofTheBrandtLawFirm,P.C.,hasthemostextensivelinksforTexaslawyersthatIverunacross.Itisnotprobatespecific,however. \\\ HHHHThissiteisloadedwithlinks. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.capitol.state.tx.us6  J  7  \\ TexasLegislatureOnline \\ ThisfreesitecontainsvirtuallyalloftheinformationthattheTexasLegislativeService,afeebasedservice,has.ItalsohastheTexasstatutesonline.TheentireProbateCodemaybedownloadedinASCIIformat. \\\ HHHHAgreatresource,especiallyduringlegislativesessions. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.obeliskcom.com/marketlawyers/01.html6  J  7  \\ JosephJacobsensarticleon MarketingYourLawPracticeontheInternet \\ Anexcellentarticlewithlinksondevelopingamarketingstrategyandawebsitethatsupportsthestrategy. \\\ HHHHPracticaladviceonwebsitedesign. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  http://home.earthlink.net/~laanderson/aalegal.htm6  J  7  \\ LarryAndersonsLegalDirectory \\ LarryAndersonisaCrosby,Texas,lawyerwhohasplacedalotofinterestingandusefulwillsandprobateinformation,includingsomeforms;Larryhasanexcellentlinkspageathttp://home.earthlink.net/~laanderson/favorhot.htm. \\\ HHHTheinformationisfirstrate,buttheinterfaceisnotveryuserfriendly #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.dallascourts.com/probate/probate.htm6  J  7  \\ TheDallasCountyProbateCourtsSite \\ Thissitehasinformationonthestatutoryprobatecourts"andjudges"inDallasCounty,includingthejudgesresponsestousefulquestions,suchaspetpeeves,dressanddecorumrequirements,etc. \\\ HHHAgoodlocaljudicialsite. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.obeliskcom.com/arc6  J  7  \\ TheAdvertisingReviewCommitteeoftheStateBarofTexas \\ ThissiteincludesthecommitteesinterpretativecommentsaboutTexasslawyeradvertisingrulesandaformforapplyingforapprovalofadvertising,includingwebsites. \\\ HHHTheplacetogotofindouthowtosubmitanattorneyssiteforapproval. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.premack.com6  J  7  \\ PaulPremacksTexasElderLawPages \\ PaulPremackwritesaweeklyelderlawcolumnfortheSanAntonioExpressNews.Thosearticlesandotherconsumerorientedelderlawmaterialsarelocatedonthissite. \\\ HHHThesiteisgearedtoconsumers,butthearticlesarewellwrittenandmaybeofusetopractitionersaswellespeciallyforgettinggeneralinformationontrickyMedicaidissues. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.obeliskcom.com/marketlawyers/02.html6  J  7  \\ JosephJacobsensarticleon TheFutureoftheInternet"EthicsIncreasedImportancetoAttorneys \\ AnexcellentarticleontheeffectsofincreasedcompetitionforlawyersviatheWeb. \\\ HHHFoodforthoughtforattorneysconsideringsettingupawebsite. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.reptl.org6  J  7  \\ TheRealEstate,ProbateandTrustLawSectionsWebSite \\ TheSectionswebsitehasthematerialsfromtheAdvancedEstatePlanningandProbateCourseandtheAdvancedDraftingCoursesince1993onlineinasearchableformat.Thispartofthesiteisavailableonlytosectionmembersonapasswordbasis.Thesitealsohasinformationonsectioncommittees. \\\ HHHThebestsecondarysourceofinformationonTexasestateplanningandprobatematters.Thepasswordsystemandquirkysearchenginemakeitalittlefrustratingtouse. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.willyancey.com6  J  7  c(9 Z6Times New Roman Regularc \\ WillYanceysHomePage \\ WillYancey,whoisaCPAatTCU,hasmanyusefullinksonhispage,althoughmanyofthelinksaregearedmoretoaccountingthanlaw. \\\ HHHLotsofgoodtaxinformation. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.txethics.org/frames98.htm6  J  7  \\ LawyerAdvertising \\ ThispagecontainsinformationontheethicsrulesaffectingTexaslawyershomepagesontheWeb. \\\ HHUsefulinformationontheethicalconsiderationsofstartingaWebsite. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.sbot.org/pipe/tx_refer.html6  J  7  \\ TheComputerSectionoftheStateBarofTexassLinksPage \\ Theselinksincludeinformationonthestateofjudicialopinionreporting(ontheInternet)inTexas. \\\ HHItlookslikethissitewillgetbetter. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.joegrivera-countyclerk.com6  J  7  \\ CameronCountyClerkSite \\ ThislocalsiteprovidesusefulinformationforValleypractitioners. \\\ HHAgoodlocalsite. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.texasbarcle.com6  J  7  \\ StateBarofTexasProfessionalDevelopmentProgramSite \\ ThissitehasinformationonbarsponsoredCLE,includingCLEopportunitiesovertheInternet.Italsohaslinkstomanyusefulsites. \\\ HHTheonlineCLEmaycomeinhandy. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.state.tx.us6  J  7  \\ TheStateofTexasWebSite \\ LOTSofinformationaboutTexasandTexasgovernment.Forexample,censusinformation,salestaxreceiptsandmapsofeachTexascountyareavailable. \\\ HHGoodgeneralinformationaboutTexas. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.texprobate.com6  J  7  \\ JoanneDohertysTexasProbateHomePage \\ Thissitehasconsumerorientedinformationaboutestateplanningandprobate. \\\ HHGoodconsumerinformation,butitdoesnotcatertoestateplanninglawyers. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.co.denton.tx.us/dept/pbc.htm6  J  7  \\ TheDentonCountyProbateCourtSite \\ Thissitegivesyouthenames,telephonenumbers,etc.,ofJudgeWindleandhisstaffandtheabilitytoemailthecourtandstaff.Thereisnobiographicalinformationorcourtrules,however. \\\ HHUsefulsiteforNorthTexaslawyers. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.minordavis.com/exeins.htm6  J  7  \\ SterlingMinorsMemoforNewlyAppointedTexasExecutorsorAdministrators \\ Thismemomaybeusefulasanexampleofoneattorneysinstructionstonewlyappointedexecutors. \\\ HHAgoodresourceonthelimitedquestionofinstructingnewexecutors. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.courts.state.tx.us6  J  7  \\ TheTexasJudicialServer \\ Thissitehasusefulinformationaboutstatecourts,includingthenameandtelephonenumbersofeachstatutoryprobatejudge. \\\ HHThissitewouldbegreatifitincludedaccesstothereportedcases(orslipopinions)ofeachcourt. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www2.co.harris.tx.us/cclerk/filefee/probate.htm6  J  7  \\ HarrisCountyClerksProbateFeeSchedule \\  \\\ HUsefulifyoupracticeinHarrisCountyanddonthavethefeesmemorized. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.sos.state.tx.us6  J  7  \\ SecretaryofStateofTexasSite \\ ThissitepromisesthatwebaccesstoSecretaryofStaterecordsiscomingsoon,butfornowthereslittleusefulinformationonthissite. \\\ HLittleusefulinformationfornow. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.supreme.courts.state.tx.us/scopn.html6  J  7  \\ TexasSupremeCourtOpinionsandOrders \\ ThissitehaspkzipandWordPerfect5.1versionsofopinionsandordersissuedbytheTexasSupremeCourt,organizedbydateofissuance. \\\ HThissiteisgoodifyouarelookingforarecentopinion,butitisnoteasilysearched. #\\P/#T \\ 4J  5  www.texlaw.com6  J  7  \\ TexasLawyerOnlineService \\ ThissiteismaintainedbytheTexasLawyer.Mostoftheresourcesareavailableonlytosubscribersfora fee. \\\ HThefreestuffonthissiterateonlyonestar.Theauthorhasnttriedthesubscriberonlymaterials. %\\\P?%T \\\ 4J  5  www.courts.state.tx.us/sll6  J  7  \\\ TexasStateLawLibrary \\\ ThissitehasveryfewoftheStateLawLibrarysresourcesonit,butithassomegoodlinkstostateandfederalresources. \\\\ HGoodlinks,butnotmuchonline.&&&c (6 Z 6Times New Roman RegularcԿG=` hp x (#%'0*,.81G....     \R3'Letter\&&&c(9 Z6Times New Roman Regularc@..   APPENDIXB"GLOSSARYOFTECHNICALTERMS  .. Bandwidth referstothetransmissioncapacityofanetworkornetworkcomponent.Thefasteradevicecanprocessinformation,thegreateritsbandwidth.Forexample,a56Kmodem"onethatcantheoreticallytransmitinformationfromanISPtoauserattherateof56,000bytesofinformationpersecond"hasgreaterbandwidththananoldergeneration28.8Kmodem... Bundled softwareissoftwarethatissoldalongwithanotherprogramorproductsothattheuserisnotrequiredtopayseparatelyforthebundledsoftware.Formoreinformation,seeUnitedStatesv.MicrosoftCorporation...A client programisonethatacomputeruserusestoperformafunctiononaremotecomputer.Forexample,alawyermayuseanemailclientprogramtoaccesshisorheremailoveranetwork.Theremotecomputeronwhichthefunctionisperformediscalledaserver...A domain iscomputerontheInternetwithauniquename.ThecomputermaybephysicallylocatedontheInternet,asisthecasewiththecomputersoperatedbyanISP,or virtuallylocatedontheNet,asisthecasewithmostdomains.Forexample,theauthorsISP"IlluminatiOnline"hasthedomainio.com.ThisdomainisphysicallylocatedontheInternet"IlluminatiscomputersareconstantlyhotwiredtotheNet.Theauthorsdomain"texasprobate.com"doesnotdenoteaseparatecomputerontheInternet.Rather,throughInternetaddressing,thedomaintexasprobate.comvirtuallyexistsontheInternetwheninrealityitexistsonIlluminatiOnlinescomputer.Thisiscalleda virtualdomain,andIlluminatiOnlineisproviding webhostingservices... Electronicmail "email"isamethodofpassingmessagesandotherinformation,includingcomputerfiles,fromonecomputertoanotheroveranetwork...An extranet isameansofpermittingpersonsnotonalocalareanetwork(LAN)toaccesspasswordprotectedinformationonaWebsite...A graphicaluserinterface (GUI)isapartofacomputerprogramwhichpermitstheusertomanipulatetheprogrambyreferencetographicalelements(suchasicons,orpictures)insteadofbymeansoftextualcomputercode.MicrosoftsWind